It specifies time/temp in all of the solutions, and additionally specifies measureable process results in the form of control strip aims and tolerances. Hi Keith, actually C-41 is not very bendable. > I know that the C-41 process is more bendable than most people are taught. In a color photogrpahy textbook by Henry Horenstein, and there was somethingĪbout the chart that made me think I needed to do further research beforeĪny light shed on these procedures woud be most appreciated! I have searched on the internet with no luck. With this method, have used it before, and I already have everything I need toĭo it, so please do not suggest that I go out and buy a Jobo or anything like I have been mostly OK, but have had a few sheets with marks. Sending a few sheets to a lab is fine, but at about $3 a sheet it adds up Need to get a batch ready for printing Wednesday and Thursday, and save some labįees. I am up for my own experiments, but right now I just Time-temperature adjustments apply just like with any other process. I know that the C-41 process is more bendable than most people are 3:15 at 100 degress F is a bit harsh for sheet film in hangers and There are also numerous smartphone apps and image-editor plug-ins that serve the same purpose.I have run into some situations where I want to extend development times in theĬ-41 process. Xpro effects are a standard setting on many new digital cameras. (Using color-film settings when scanning may yield varying tints across the frame.) Without the use of a color-process bleach step, the negative may have a dense coffee-colored background that is difficult to work with.ĭistorted xpro colors have become such a part of today's visual culture that digital simulations of them are ubiquitous. This form of cross processing does not activate any of the color dyes in the film, and so results in a monochromatic negative. The color balance tends to shift towards pink or yellow. Much less commonly seen, this leads to a positive transparency with a muted, pastel contrasts. The heightened contrast accentuates any vignetting produced by a camera's lens-an effect that shows up with many toy cameras, as well as the Lomo LC-A, the Olympus XA2, and the Vivitar Ultra Wide & Slim When scanning ones own film, the color and contrast are quite manipulable-from nearly normal to extremely wacky. Some of the classic "xpro look" may result from automated printing or scanning machines not coping well with the unexpected color balance. In this process, the slide film develops into a negative, although one lacking the typical reddish tint of normal C-41 negatives. It gives punchy, alien colors and sometimes blasted-looking contrasts. This is by far the most popular form of cross processing. These films are coated with a rem-jet antireflection backing, which can float loose and gunk up a processing machine. The exception is processing movie film or Kodachrome in the wrong processes. When cross-processed film is a small percentage of the total, its effect is likely to be negligible. There is often some dispute about whether cross-processing damages the chemistry or calibration of automated processors many labs refuse to cross-process film, believing that it does. But it is the processing itself, rather than any particular type of camera, which causes the effects. More recently, the xpro effect has been widely publicized through the activities of the Lomographic Society and users of its cameras. While cross processing has happened as an occasional lab mistake throughout the history of color film, some more experimentally-minded photographers began seeking it out deliberately for the unusual visual effects produced. When a color film is put through the "wrong" chemistry, an image still results, just one that is different from what the manufacturer aimed for. Their manufacturers have simply engineered the color balance and contrast of each to best match the standard processing they'll receive. Ordinarily, a film sold for color prints should be processed in C-41 chemistry and a color slide film (typically named something- chrome) should be developed in process E-6.īut in the structure of their emulsions, slide and print film are essentially similar.
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